İngilizce fiiller ikinci halleri ve üçüncü halleri sık sık kullanılırlar. Bu makalemizde sizler için İngilizce fiiller 2. ve 3. halleri (irregular verbs) listesini derledik.
İngilizcede fiiller geçmiş zaman kalıplarında kullanılırken yazılış ve okunuşları değişir. İngilizce kelimeler ikinci halleri ve üçüncü halleri geçmiş cümle kalıplarında meydana gelir. Bu kelimelere irregular verbs yani düzensiz fiiller deriz.
Düzensiz Fiiller (Irregular Verbs) Nelerdir?
İngilizce’de fiiller, düzenli fiiller (regular verbs) ve düzensiz fiiller (irregular verbs) olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Fiilleri, kullandığımız zamanlara göre çekimlemek gerekir.
Düzenli fiiller, belli kurallara göre belli takılar alırken; düzensiz fiiller herhangi bir kurala uymazlar. Bu sebeple ezberlenmeleri gerekmektedir. Düzensiz fiillerin 2. halleri simple past tense (geçmiş zaman) ile birlikte, 3. halleri ise perfect tenselerle birlikte kullanılır.
İngilizce’de kaç tane düzensiz fiil var?
İnternette yabancı bir site, 2.000’den fazla roman ve kaynağın kapsamlı bir metin analizini gerçekleştirmiştir ve bugüne kadar nadir kullanılan, daha önce yayınlanmış ve eski biçimler (colorbreed, cethink) içeren 680 düzensiz fiil bulmuş.
Bizlerde bu kaynağı derledik ve sitemize ekledik. Umarız İngilizce düzensiz fiiller (irregular verbs) listesi işinize yarayacaktır.
Infinitive | Simple Past | Past Participle |
A | ||
arise | arose | arisen |
awake | awakened / awoke | awakened / awoken |
B | ||
backslide | backslid | backslidden / backslid |
be | was, were | been |
bear | bore | born / borne |
beat | beat | beaten / beat |
become | became | become |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bet | bet / betted [?] | bet / betted [?] |
bid (farewell) | bid / bade | bidden |
bid (offer amount) | bid | bid |
bind | bound | bound |
bite | bit | bitten |
bleed | bled | bled |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
breed | bred | bred |
bring | brought | brought |
broadcast | broadcast / broadcasted | broadcast / broadcasted |
browbeat | browbeat | browbeaten / browbeat |
build | built | built |
burn | burned / burnt [?] | burned / burnt [?] |
burst | burst | burst |
bust | busted / bust | busted / bust |
buy | bought | bought |
C | ||
cast | cast | cast |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
cling | clung | clung |
clothe | clothed / clad [?] | clothed / clad [?] |
come | came | come |
cost | cost | cost |
creep | crept | crept |
crossbreed | crossbred | crossbred |
cut | cut | cut |
D | ||
daydream | daydreamed / daydreamt [?] | daydreamed / daydreamt [?] |
deal | dealt | dealt |
dig | dug | dug |
disprove | disproved | disproved / disproven |
dive (jump head-first) | dove / dived | dived |
dive (scuba diving) | dived / dove | dived |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
dream | dreamed / dreamt [?] | dreamed / dreamt [?] |
drink | drank | drunk |
drive | drove | driven |
dwell | dwelt / dwelled [?] | dwelt / dwelled [?] |
E | ||
eat | ate | eaten |
F | ||
fall | fell | fallen |
feed | fed | fed |
feel | felt | felt |
fight | fought | fought |
find | found | found |
fit (tailor, change size) | fitted / fit [?] | fitted / fit [?] |
fit (be right size) | fit / fitted [?] | fit / fitted [?] |
flee | fled | fled |
fling | flung | flung |
fly | flew | flown |
forbid | forbade | forbidden |
forecast | forecast | forecast |
forego (also forgo) | forewent | foregone |
foresee | foresaw | foreseen |
foretell | foretold | foretold |
forget | forgot | forgotten / forgot [?] |
forgive | forgave | forgiven |
forsake | forsook | forsaken |
freeze | froze | frozen |
frostbite | frostbit | frostbitten |
G | ||
get | got | gotten / got [?] |
give | gave | given |
go | went | gone |
grind | ground | ground |
grow | grew | grown |
H | ||
hand-feed | hand-fed | hand-fed |
handwrite | handwrote | handwritten |
hang | hung | hung |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
hew | hewed | hewn / hewed |
hide | hid | hidden |
hit | hit | hit |
hold | held | held |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
I | ||
inbreed | inbred | inbred |
inlay | inlaid | inlaid |
input | input / inputted | input / inputted |
interbreed | interbred | interbred |
interweave | interwove / interweaved | interwoven / interweaved |
interwind | interwound | interwound |
J | ||
jerry-build | jerry-built | jerry-built |
K | ||
keep | kept | kept |
kneel | knelt / kneeled | knelt / kneeled |
knit | knitted / knit | knitted / knit |
know | knew | known |
L | ||
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
lean | leaned / leant [?] | leaned / leant [?] |
leap | leaped / leapt [?] | leaped / leapt [?] |
learn | learned / learnt [?] | learned / learnt [?] |
leave | left | left |
lend | lent | lent |
let | let | let |
lie | lay | lain |
lie (not tell truth) REGULAR | lied | lied |
light | lit / lighted | lit / lighted |
lip-read | lip-read | lip-read |
lose | lost | lost |
M | ||
make | made | made |
mean | meant | meant |
meet | met | met |
miscast | miscast | miscast |
misdeal | misdealt | misdealt |
misdo | misdid | misdone |
mishear | misheard | misheard |
mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
mislead | misled | misled |
mislearn | mislearned / mislearnt [?] | mislearned / mislearnt [?] |
misread | misread | misread |
misset | misset | misset |
misspeak | misspoke | misspoken |
misspell | misspelled / misspelt [?] | misspelled / misspelt [?] |
misspend | misspent | misspent |
mistake | mistook | mistaken |
misteach | mistaught | mistaught |
misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood |
miswrite | miswrote | miswritten |
mow | mowed | mowed / mown |
N | ||
No irregular verbs beginning with “N.” | ||
O | ||
offset | offset | offset |
outbid | outbid | outbid |
outbreed | outbred | outbred |
outdo | outdid | outdone |
outdraw | outdrew | outdrawn |
outdrink | outdrank | outdrunk |
outdrive | outdrove | outdriven |
outfight | outfought | outfought |
outfly | outflew | outflown |
outgrow | outgrew | outgrown |
outleap | outleaped / outleapt [?] | outleaped / outleapt [?] |
outlie (not tell truth) REGULAR | outlied | outlied |
outride | outrode | outridden |
outrun | outran | outrun |
outsell | outsold | outsold |
outshine | outshined / outshone [?] | outshined / outshone [?] |
outshoot | outshot | outshot |
outsing | outsang | outsung |
outsit | outsat | outsat |
outsleep | outslept | outslept |
outsmell | outsmelled / outsmelt [?] | outsmelled / outsmelt [?] |
outspeak | outspoke | outspoken |
outspeed | outsped | outsped |
outspend | outspent | outspent |
outswear | outswore | outsworn |
outswim | outswam | outswum |
outthink | outthought | outthought |
outthrow | outthrew | outthrown |
outwrite | outwrote | outwritten |
overbid | overbid | overbid |
overbreed | overbred | overbred |
overbuild | overbuilt | overbuilt |
overbuy | overbought | overbought |
overcome | overcame | overcome |
overdo | overdid | overdone |
overdraw | overdrew | overdrawn |
overdrink | overdrank | overdrunk |
overeat | overate | overeaten |
overfeed | overfed | overfed |
overhang | overhung | overhung |
overhear | overheard | overheard |
overlay | overlaid | overlaid |
overpay | overpaid | overpaid |
override | overrode | overridden |
overrun | overran | overrun |
oversee | oversaw | overseen |
oversell | oversold | oversold |
oversew | oversewed | oversewn / oversewed |
overshoot | overshot | overshot |
oversleep | overslept | overslept |
overspeak | overspoke | overspoken |
overspend | overspent | overspent |
overspill | overspilled / overspilt [?] | overspilled / overspilt [?] |
overtake | overtook | overtaken |
overthink | overthought | overthought |
overthrow | overthrew | overthrown |
overwind | overwound | overwound |
overwrite | overwrote | overwritten |
P | ||
partake | partook | partaken |
pay | paid | paid |
plead | pleaded / pled | pleaded / pled |
prebuild | prebuilt | prebuilt |
predo | predid | predone |
premake | premade | premade |
prepay | prepaid | prepaid |
presell | presold | presold |
preset | preset | preset |
preshrink | preshrank | preshrunk |
proofread | proofread | proofread |
prove | proved | proven / proved |
put | put | put |
Q | ||
quick-freeze | quick-froze | quick-frozen |
quit | quit / quitted [?] | quit / quitted [?] |
R | ||
read | read (sounds like “red”) | read (sounds like “red”) |
reawake | reawoke | reawaken |
rebid | rebid | rebid |
rebind | rebound | rebound |
rebroadcast | rebroadcast / rebroadcasted | rebroadcast / rebroadcasted |
rebuild | rebuilt | rebuilt |
recast | recast | recast |
recut | recut | recut |
redeal | redealt | redealt |
redo | redid | redone |
redraw | redrew | redrawn |
refit (replace parts) | refit / refitted [?] | refit / refitted [?] |
refit (retailor) | refitted / refit [?] | refitted / refit [?] |
regrind | reground | reground |
regrow | regrew | regrown |
rehang | rehung | rehung |
rehear | reheard | reheard |
reknit | reknitted / reknit | reknitted / reknit |
relay (for example tiles) | relaid | relaid |
relay (pass along) REGULAR | relayed | relayed |
relearn | relearned / relearnt [?] | relearned / relearnt [?] |
relight | relit / relighted | relit / relighted |
remake | remade | remade |
repay | repaid | repaid |
reread | reread | reread |
rerun | reran | rerun |
resell | resold | resold |
resend | resent | resent |
reset | reset | reset |
resew | resewed | resewn / resewed |
retake | retook | retaken |
reteach | retaught | retaught |
retear | retore | retorn |
retell | retold | retold |
rethink | rethought | rethought |
retread | retread | retread |
retrofit | retrofitted / retrofit [?] | retrofitted / retrofit [?] |
rewake | rewoke / rewaked | rewaken / rewaked |
rewear | rewore | reworn |
reweave | rewove / reweaved | rewoven / reweaved |
rewed | rewed / rewedded | rewed / rewedded |
rewet | rewet / rewetted [?] | rewet / rewetted [?] |
rewin | rewon | rewon |
rewind | rewound | rewound |
rewrite | rewrote | rewritten |
rid | rid | rid |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
roughcast | roughcast | roughcast |
run | ran | run |
S | ||
sand-cast | sand-cast | sand-cast |
saw | sawed | sawed / sawn |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
seek | sought | sought |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
set | set | set |
sew | sewed | sewn / sewed |
shake | shook | shaken |
shave | shaved | shaved / shaven |
shear | sheared | sheared / shorn |
shed | shed | shed |
shine | shined / shone [?] | shined / shone [?] |
shit | shit / shat / shitted | shit/ shat / shitted |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown / showed |
shrink | shrank / shrunk | shrunk |
shut | shut | shut |
sight-read | sight-read | sight-read |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank / sunk | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
slay (kill) | slew / slayed | slain / slayed |
slay (amuse) REGULAR | slayed | slayed |
sleep | slept | slept |
slide | slid | slid |
sling | slung | slung |
slink | slinked / slunk | slinked / slunk |
slit | slit | slit |
smell | smelled / smelt [?] | smelled / smelt [?] |
sneak | sneaked / snuck | sneaked / snuck |
sow | sowed | sown / sowed |
speak | spoke | spoken |
speed | sped / speeded | sped / speeded |
spell | spelled / spelt [?] | spelled / spelt [?] |
spend | spent | spent |
spill | spilled / spilt [?] | spilled / spilt [?] |
spin | spun | spun |
spit | spit / spat | spit / spat |
split | split | split |
spoil | spoiled / spoilt [?] | spoiled / spoilt [?] |
spoon-feed | spoon-fed | spoon-fed |
spread | spread | spread |
spring | sprang / sprung | sprung |
stand | stood | stood |
steal | stole | stolen |
stick | stuck | stuck |
sting | stung | stung |
stink | stunk / stank | stunk |
strew | strewed | strewn / strewed |
stride | strode | stridden |
strike (delete) | struck | stricken |
strike (hit) | struck | struck / stricken |
string | strung | strung |
strive | strove / strived | striven / strived |
sublet | sublet | sublet |
sunburn | sunburned / sunburnt [?] | sunburned / sunburnt [?] |
swear | swore | sworn |
sweat | sweat / sweated | sweat / sweated |
sweep | swept | swept |
swell | swelled | swollen / swelled |
swim | swam | swum |
swing | swung | swung |
T | ||
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
telecast | telecast | telecast |
tell | told | told |
test-drive | test-drove | test-driven |
test-fly | test-flew | test-flown |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | thrown |
thrust | thrust | thrust |
tread | trod | trodden / trod |
typecast | typecast | typecast |
typeset | typeset | typeset |
typewrite | typewrote | typewritten |
U | ||
unbend | unbent | unbent |
unbind | unbound | unbound |
unclothe | unclothed / unclad [?] | unclothed / unclad [?] |
underbid | underbid | underbid |
undercut | undercut | undercut |
underfeed | underfed | underfed |
undergo | underwent | undergone |
underlie | underlay | underlain |
undersell | undersold | undersold |
underspend | underspent | underspent |
understand | understood | understood |
undertake | undertook | undertaken |
underwrite | underwrote | underwritten |
undo | undid | undone |
unfreeze | unfroze | unfrozen |
unhang | unhung | unhung |
unhide | unhid | unhidden |
unknit | unknitted / unknit | unknitted / unknit |
unlearn | unlearned / unlearnt [?] | unlearned / unlearnt [?] |
unsew | unsewed | unsewn / unsewed |
unsling | unslung | unslung |
unspin | unspun | unspun |
unstick | unstuck | unstuck |
unstring | unstrung | unstrung |
unweave | unwove / unweaved | unwoven / unweaved |
unwind | unwound | unwound |
uphold | upheld | upheld |
upset | upset | upset |
W | ||
wake | woke / waked | woken / waked |
waylay | waylaid | waylaid |
wear | wore | worn |
weave | wove / weaved | woven / weaved |
wed | wed / wedded | wed / wedded |
weep | wept | wept |
wet | wet / wetted [?] | wet / wetted [?] |
whet REGULAR | whetted | whetted |
win | won | won |
wind | wound | wound |
withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
withhold | withheld | withheld |
withstand | withstood | withstood |
wring | wrung | wrung |
write | wrote | written |
Sizler için derlediğimiz İngilizce filler 2. ve 3. halleri makalemizin sonuna geldik. Listede eksik gördüğünüz bir kelime varsa aşağıdaki yorum alanından bizlerle paylaşabilirsiniz.
Bu makaleye de bir bakın: En Çok Kullanılan İngilizce Kelimeler